Engine



April 19, 1927- c. Q HANSEN ENGINE I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 8, 1926 April 19, 1927.

c. c. HANSEN ENGINE Filed Jan. 8, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR ("/20 led C Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

UNITED sr rarest EPIC-E1..-

CHARLES C. HANSEN, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR- TO INGERSOLL-RAND COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION 'OF NEIV JERSEY.

ENGINE.

Application filed January This invention relates to fluid actuated engines, and more particularlyto that typeof engine in which there is provided a plurality of pistons, one of which is adapted to oscillate withi'n the other piston as a cylinder.

It is an object of this invention to enable thepistonsto be tightly sealed to prevent leakage ofmotive fluid past the bearing surfaces.

Other objects'will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

In the drawings forming part of the specification and in which similar reference charengine takenalong the line 2-2 looking in the direction of 1 arrows, and

Figure 3 is a vertical cross'section modification of the engine.

Referring 1 to the drawings, the engine ofa illustrated comprises: a cylinder A within which there is adapted to move an 'outer flat piston 'B. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the piston B is of the reciprocating type and is rectangular in cross section being adapted to slide between two wearing plates G at the top and bottom .of"

the cylinder and alsobetween two flat sur- 'faced heads D and E at the front and back respectively of the cylinder A. The engine is therefore of the type known as a square piston engine and'leaka'ge'is prevented by the closeness of the fit between the piston B and the heads D and E and wearing plates C.- The piston Bis actuated by motive fluid admitted and exhausted through ports F and G at either end of the cylinder A the distribution of such motive fluid being accomplished by means of a distributing valve of any suitable description, a preferred form being described hereinafter. Wholly within the piston B there is adapted to operate a second or inner piston H the motion of which preferably is not parallel to that of the piston B.

In accordance with this invention the piston H is adapted to oscillate within the outer piston B and to this end is provided with a cylindrical pivoted end J adapted to be in- 8, 1926; SerialNo. 80,016.

serte d in a bearing K adjacent one end of the.

piston B while the otherend of the piston II opposite the pivot is provided with an arcuate face L slidable along a face 0 of the piston B curved with itscenter of curvature at the pivotal center of the cylindrical end J.

. To perform useful work, the inner or oscillating piston J is pivotally mountedon a crank P extending into the cylinder A and attached to crank shaft Q journaled as by means-of a bearing B in the back headv It willbe noted thatas the outer piston B reciprocates and the inner piston I-I oscillates within the-piston B the motion of the two pistons will be resolved through the crank pin 1? into rotary motion in the crank 'shaft Q; Motive fluid foractuating the inner piston H is admitted into the cylinder. .A through portsS and T located at the sides of the piston B.

The crank shaft Q is preferably provided p with a flanged end U the inner face of which is flushed with the inner face of the back head E for the purpose of providing a support for the crank pin P. The inner piston 'H is accordingly provided with suitable wings V extending from the main portion of the inner piston to prevent uncoveringof the joint between the flange U of the crank shaft andtheback head E and l'ikewisean leakage to atmosphere of motive fluid within the outer piston B. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3 the engine is provided with a cylinder 6 in which the outer-piston 0 is adapted to oscillate being pivoted. at a bearingend d in a bearing a mounted-in the cylinder 7), the other end of the piston a being provided with an arcuate shaped portion fradapted to slide on a curved face g of thercylinder b. Motive fluid for actuating the piston f is admitted. into the cylinder 7) at ports 71, and 7' to cause oscillation ofthe piston 0 about its pivoted endd. An inner piston is is likewise pivoted within the outer piston 0 being provided with a cylindrically formed end 0 mounted in a similarly shapel aperture 29 in the, piston 0 and adapted to oscillate at right angles to the oscillatory movement of the, piston 0 in an aperture 9 formed therein. Thepiston k is provided with an end 1" arcuate in form and sliding on a surface 8 similar in curvature within the piston 0. Motive fluid for actuating the piston is is admitted to the space aperture W'- inthe front head D to prevent loo 1 Within the piston through suitable ports ,5 and u. The oscillatory movement of the pistons c and it: are resolved into a rotary motion ol the crank pin 1) the piston 7i: being suitably journaled thereon. its in the case of the engine shown in Figures 1 and 2 the inner piston 70 is provided with Wings 10 to prevent leakage of motive fluid at the pointwhere the crank shalt (not shown) enters the cylinder 7).

In both the above described embodiments of the invention, clearance between the pistons and the parts Within which they op crate is reduced to a minimum to prevent loss of motive fluid lot" actuating; the engine.

The valve for distributing the admission and exhaust of motive fluid to the cylinders A and a, as the e so may be. may be of any suitable descriptitui. In this embodiment the valve comprises a rotary cylindrical body member 2 adapted to be rotated by a pin 3 projecting into the cylinder head I) and engaging the body portion .2 at an aperture 4t. Suitable passages 5 are provided leading to the ports ld, G, S and T from a cylindrical bore 6 within which the valve body 2 is adapted to rotate.

The valve body 2 is provided with three chambers T, 8 and 9, circumfcrentially spaced apart and adapted to register with the passages 5 successively. The passage 9 arranged to be always in communication with atmosphere through a port 10 and is always used for exhaust. The chambers 7 and S are adapted to be alternatively connected with a supply or motive fluid from a supply pipe 11 through a suitable throttle vale 12. If one of the passages 7 or 8 is connected with the supply of motive fluid the other of said passages is arranged to be connected to the atmosphere for exhausting motive fluid from the cylinder A or b in the manner as substantially described in application, Serial No. 18 689, filed March 27, 19125.

The pistons within the cylinders A. and b may be lubricated by oil carried thereto alon with the air supplied through the pipe 1],. Po those parts which are not accessible to the motive fluid, such as a crank pin t-l,

oil may be supplied through a longitudinal. pass go ilil leading to a reservoir M for oil formed integrally with a cap or plug at the end or" the bore (3 and which acts additionally as a bearing for a; breaching cylindrical cud ill of the valve body 2.

ll claim:

l. A lluid actuated engine comprising a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, at second piston pivotally mounted in said lirst piston and adapted to oscillate therein, and a crank shalt attacl Kl to said second piston and adapted to be rotated thereby.

:2. it lluid actuated engine comprising; a cylinder a crank shalt, an outer fiat piston in said cylinder; and an inner piston pivotally mounted wholly Within said outer piston and connected to the crank of said crank shaft to transmit the motion oi both of said pistons to said shaft.

3. A fluid actuated engine comprising a cylinder, a crank shalt, an cuter flat piston in said cylinder, and an inner flat piston pivotally mounted to oscillate Wholly Within said outer piston and rotatably connected with the crank of said crank shaft to transmit the motion of both of said pistons to said shaft.

d. A fluid actuated engine comprising a cylinder, a crank shaft having a crank ex tending into said cylinder, an outer piston pivotally mounted to oscillate in said cylinder, and an inner piston pivotally mounted in said outer piston to oscillate therein and attached to the crank of said shalt to trans not the oscillatory n'iotions of both pistons to said shaft.

5. A fluid actuated engine comprising a cylinden a shaft having a crank extending into said cylinder, an outer piston mo *able in said cylinden and an inner piston pivotally mounted Wholly within said outer piston to oscillate therein and to transmit motion of both said pistons to said crank, said inner piston having an arcuate end opposite the pivot to cooperate with a surface of said outer piston.

In testimony whereof .l have signed this specification.

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